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[ Contents ]
Notes to the group financial statements (continued)
for the year ended 31 December 2000
Figures in million
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| 1999 | 2000 | 2000 | 1999 | |||
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| US Dollars | SA Rands | |||||
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| 25 | Borrowings | |||||
| Unsecured | ||||||
| 357 | 361 | Syndicated loan facility | 2,734 | 2,195 | ||
| Interest charged at libor plus 0.9% per annum. Loan is repayable | ||||||
| in February 2002. | ||||||
| 150 | 150 | Dresdner Gold Loan | 1,136 | 923 | ||
| The loan has been swapped into dollars. Interest charged at libor | ||||||
| plus 1% per annum. Loan is repayable in March 2001. | ||||||
| - | 120 | Credit Agricole | 910 | - | ||
| Interest charged at libor plus 0.75% per annum. Loan is repayable | ||||||
| by July 2002. | ||||||
| - | 110 | Dresdner Bank Luxembourg SA | 837 | - | ||
| Interest charged at libor plus 0.6% per annum. Loan is repayable | ||||||
| in November 2001. | ||||||
| 71 | 43 | Loans from Anmercosa Finance Limited | 325 | 440 | ||
| Interest charged at libor plus 2% per annum. Loan is repayable in | ||||||
| half-yearly instalments terminating in May 2002. | ||||||
| 26 | 22 | Syndicated loan facility | 169 | 162 | ||
| Interest charged at Bank Bill Swap Offer Rate plus 0.45% per annum. Loan | ||||||
| is repayable by September 2002. | ||||||
| 20 | 22 | Loans from Anmercosa Finance Limited | 164 | 124 | ||
| Interest charged at libor plus 1% per annum. Loan is repayable | ||||||
| by May 2002. | ||||||
| 23 | 8 | J.P. Morgan Gold Loan | 57 | 142 | ||
| Interest charged at 4.72% per annum. Loan is repayable in May 2001. | ||||||
| - | 11 | Citibank NA | 83 | - | ||
| Interest charged at libor plus 1.1% per annum. Loan is repayable in | ||||||
| October and November 2002. | ||||||
| - | 10 | Bank Boston | 78 | - | ||
| Interest charged at libor plus 1.475% per annum. Loan is repayable | ||||||
| in instalments commencing May 2002 and terminating in July 2002. | ||||||
| 32 | 8 | Unibanco | 58 | 201 | ||
| Interest charged at libor plus 3.15% per annum. Loan is repayable | ||||||
| by August 2001. | ||||||
| - | 6 | Rolls Royce | 48 | - | ||
| Interest is index linked. Loan is repayable in monthly instalments | ||||||
| terminating in December 2010. | ||||||
| - | 5 | HSBC Bamerindus | 38 | - | ||
| Interest charged at libor plus 1.3% per annum. Loan is repayable in May 2003. | ||||||
| 6 | 4 | Senstar Capital Corporation | 33 | 37 | ||
| Interest charged at an average rate of 8,29% per annum. Loans are repayable | ||||||
| in monthly instalments terminating in June 2006. | ||||||
| - | 3 | Government of Mali | 23 | - | ||
| Interest charged at libor plus 2% per annum. Loan is repayable in | ||||||
| half-yearly instalments terminating in March 2006. | ||||||
| - | 3 | Dresdner Bank Luxembourg SA | 23 | - | ||
| Interest charged at libor plus 1.5% per annum. Loan is | ||||||
| repayable in June and July 2002. | ||||||
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| 1999 | 2000 | 2000 | 1999 | |||
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| US Dollars | SA Rands | |||||
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| 25 | Borrowings (continued) | |||||
| Unsecured (continued) | ||||||
| - | 2 | Banco do Brasil | 15 | - | ||
| Interest charged at libor plus 1.15% per annum. Loan is | ||||||
| repayable in September 2002. | ||||||
| 2 | 1 | Economic Development Corporation | 9 | 11 | ||
| Interest charged at libor plus 0.6% per annum. Loan is | ||||||
| repayable in half-yearly instalments terminating in December 2002. | ||||||
| 8 | - | Sudamaris Gold Loan | - | 51 | ||
| 5 | 69 | Local money market short-term borrowings | 514 | 27 | ||
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| 700 | 958 | Total unsecured borrowings | 7,254 | 4,313 | ||
| Secured | ||||||
| - | 67 | Geita - Project finance | 511 | - | ||
| Dresdner Bank Luxembourg SA | ||||||
| Interest charged at libor plus 1.2% per annum. Loan is repayable | ||||||
| half-yearly until 2007. | ||||||
| 78 | 63 | Cerro Vanguardia - Project finance | 479 | 479 | ||
| Chase Manhattan Syndication Group | ||||||
| Interest charged at libor plus 3.75% per annum. Loan is repayable | ||||||
| in half-yearly instalments terminating in December 2004. | ||||||
| - | 34 | Morila - Project finance | 259 | - | ||
| NM Rothschild Syndication Group | ||||||
| Interest charged at libor plus 2.75% per annum. Loan is repayable | ||||||
| in half-yearly instalments terminating in December 2005. | ||||||
| 31 | 18 | Sadiola - Project finance | 139 | 191 | ||
| Semos Senior Lenders | ||||||
| Interest charged at libor plus 3.5% per annum. Loan is repayable | ||||||
| in half-yearly instalments terminating in May 2002. | ||||||
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| 809 | 1,140 | Total borrowings | 8,642 | 4,983 | ||
| 130 | 430 | Less: Current portion of borrowings included in current liabilities | 3,261 | 802 | ||
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| 679 | 710 | Total long-term borrowings | 5,381 | 4,181 | ||
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| Amounts falling due | ||||||
| 130 | 430 | Within one year | 3,261 | 802 | ||
| 203 | 605 | Between one and two years | 4,587 | 1,252 | ||
| 476 | 105 | Between two and five years | 794 | 2,929 | ||
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| 809 | 1,140 | 8,642 | 4,983 | |||
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| Undrawn borrowing facilities as at 31 December 2000 amount | ||||||
| to R1,554 million, $205 million (1999: R540 million, $89 million). | ||||||
| Morila and Geita Project Finance | ||||||
| Secured by a fixed and floating charge over the project assets (note 14), | ||||||
| the hedging contracts and major project contracts and a pledge over | ||||||
| the shares in the project company. | ||||||
| Sadiola and Cerro Vanguardia Project Finance | ||||||
| Secured by a fixed and floating charge over the project assets (note 14), | ||||||
| the major project contracts and a pledge over the shares in the project | ||||||
| company. | ||||||
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| 1999 | 2000 | 2000 | 1999 | |||
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| US Dollars | SA Rands | |||||
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| 26 | Debentures | |||||
| 16 | 19 | Balance at beginning of year | 115 | 92 | ||
| 6 | 2 | Allocations during the year | 13 | 34 | ||
| (2) | - | Exercised during the year | (3) | (11) | ||
| - | (1) | Lapsed during the year | (5) | - | ||
| (1) | (4) | Translation adjustment | ||||
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| 19 | 16 | Balance at end of year (note 20) | 120 | 115 | ||
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| 494,900 (1999: 487,500) unsecured variable rate compulsory convertible | ||||||
| debentures issued in terms of the AngloGold Share Incentive Scheme. | ||||||
| Interest on these debentures is payable annually at the official interest | ||||||
| rate per the seventh schedule of the South African Income Tax Act. | ||||||
| The terms and conditions of the debentures are detailed in the | ||||||
| directors' report. | ||||||
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| 27 | Provisions | |||||
| Post-retirement medical funding | ||||||
| 170 | 140 | Balance at beginning of year | 862 | 999 | ||
| 6 | - | Through acquisition of subsidiaries (note 32) | - | 36 | ||
| (3) | - | Charge to income statement (note 9) | 4 | (16) | ||
| (27) | - | Less: Utilised during the year | (1) | (167) | ||
| (6) | (22) | Translation adjustment | 27 | 10 | ||
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| 140 | 118 | Balance at end of year | 892 | 862 | ||
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| The provision for post-retirement medical funding represents the | ||||||
| provision for health care benefits for employees and retired employees | ||||||
| and their registered dependants. | ||||||
| The post-retirement benefit costs are assessed in accordance with the | ||||||
| advice of independent professionally qualified actuaries. The actuarial | ||||||
| method used is the projected unit credit funding method. | ||||||
| The main assumptions used in calculating the costs were an annual | ||||||
| discount rate of 13.5 per cent, health care inflation of 10.5 per cent, | ||||||
| normal retirement age of 63 years, and fully eligible age of 55 years. | ||||||
| The last valuation was performed as at 31 December 2000. | ||||||
| Environmental rehabilitation obligations | ||||||
| Provision for decommissioning | ||||||
| 36 | 62 | Balance at beginning of year | 383 | 211 | ||
| 25 | - | Through acquisition of subsidiaries (note 32) | - | 154 | ||
| 3 | - | Unwinding of decommissioning obligation (refer note 6) | 2 | 18 | ||
| - | 1 | Prior year adjustment | 4 | - | ||
| (2) | (10) | Translation adjustment | 12 | - | ||
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| 62 | 53 | Balance at end of year | 401 | 383 | ||
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| Provision for restoration | ||||||
| 67 | 132 | Balance at beginning of year | 814 | 396 | ||
| 54 | 1 | Through acquisition of subsidiaries (note 32) | 4 | 331 | ||
| 14 | - | Charge to income statement | - | 87 | ||
| (3) | (21) | Translation adjustment | 37 | - | ||
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| 132 | 112 | Balance at end of year | 855 | 814 | ||
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| 334 | 283 | Total provisions | 2,148 | 2,059 | ||
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| 1999 | 2000 | 2000 | 1999 | |||
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| US Dollars | SA Rands | |||||
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| 28 | Deferred taxation | |||||
| Deferred taxation relating to temporary differences is made up | ||||||
| as follows: | ||||||
| Deferred taxation liabilities | ||||||
| 810 | 610 | Mining assets | 4,621 | 4,987 | ||
| 14 | 17 | Inventories | 131 | 87 | ||
| 5 | 8 | Other | 63 | 30 | ||
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| 829 | 635 | 4,815 | 5,104 | |||
| Deferred taxation assets | ||||||
| 118 | 82 | Provisions | 628 | 729 | ||
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| 711 | 553 | Net deferred taxation | 4,187 | 4,375 | ||
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| The movement on the deferred tax balance is as follows: | ||||||
| 733 | 711 | Balance at beginning of year | 4,375 | 4,311 | ||
| 73 | - | Through acquisition of subsidiary (note 32) | - | 449 | ||
| - | (28) | Fair value adjustment (note 33) | (173) | - | ||
| 6 | 21 | Income statement charge (note 11) | 153 | 38 | ||
| - | (26) | Taxation on impairment (note 11) | (196) | - | ||
| (69) | - | Taxation rate change (note 11) | - | (423) | ||
| (32) | (125) | Translation adjustment | 28 | - | ||
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| 711 | 553 | Balance at end of year based on the liability method | 4,187 | 4,375 | ||
| If partial provision had been made for deferred taxation the | ||||||
| 615 | 505 | taxation liability would have decreased by | 3,823 | 3,787 | ||
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| Balance at 31 December 2000 based on the partial provision | ||||||
| 96 | 48 | for deferred taxation | 364 | 588 | ||
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| 29 | Trade and other payables | |||||
| 111 | 165 | Trade creditors | 1,251 | 684 | ||
| 138 | 69 | Accruals | 524 | 847 | ||
| 94 | 81 | Other creditors | 614 | 580 | ||
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| 343 | 315 | 2,389 | 2,111 | |||
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| 30 | Retirement benefits | |||||
| Defined benefit pension fund - South African Region | ||||||
| 105 | 91 | Fair value of fund assets | 687 | 647 | ||
| 95 | 88 | Present value of fund obligation | 669 | 587 | ||
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| 10 | 3 | Funded benefit plan asset | 18 | 60 | ||
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| 105 | 91 | Market value of plan assets | 687 | 647 | ||
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| 2000 | 1999 | ||
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| 30 |
Retirement benefits (continued) | ||
| The assumptions used in calculating the above amounts as at 31 December are: | % | % | |
| Discount rate | 12 | 12 | |
| Rate of compensation increase | 9 | 9 | |
| Pension increase | 8 | 8 | |
| Rate of return on assets | 12 | 12 | |
|
The group has made provision for pension and provident schemes covering substantially all employees. Eligible employees are members of either AngloGold's defined benefit fund or one of the industry-based defined contribution funds. There is one defined benefit scheme and three defined contribution schemes. The assets of these schemes are held in administered trust funds separated from the group's assets. Scheme assets primarily consist of listed shares, property trust units and fixed income securities. South African operations At the last statutory valuation of the fund as at 31 December 1999, the Pension Fund was certified by the reporting actuaries as being in a sound financial position, subject to the continuation of the current contribution rates. In arriving at their conclusions, the actuaries took into account reasonable long-term estimates of inflation, increases in wages, salaries and pension as well as returns on investments. The interim valuation of the fund as at 31 December 2000 is reflected above. Any deficits in the defined benefit scheme advised by the actuaries are funded either immediately or through increased contributions to ensure the ongoing soundness of the scheme. Contributions to the various defined contribution retirement schemes are fully expensed during the year in which they are funded and the cost of providing retirement benefits for the year amounted to R303 million, $45 million (1999: R353 million, $58 million). All funds are governed by the Pension Funds Act of 1956. North American operations The AngloGold North America Inc. Retirement Plan and the AngloGold North America Inc. Retiree Medical Plan were incorporated during 1999 with the purchase of the Minorco assets. Retirement Plan - Substantially all AngloGold North America employees at 31 December 1999 were covered by the AngloGold North America Inc. Retirement Plan (the "Plan"), a non-contributory defined benefit pension plan. Benefits are based on years of service and the employee's average monthly compensation. AngloGold North America's funding policy is to contribute annually an amount equal to or exceeding the minimum funding requirements under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act, but not more than the maximum tax deductible contribution.
Effective 31 December 1999 the benefits of the Plan participants were frozen. The Plan was terminated during 2000. Curtailment accounting was applied to the Plan at 31 December 1999 and the liability has been extinguished at 31 December 2000 with the termination of the Plan and related distribution of Plan assets to participants. |
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| 30 | Retirement benefits (continued) |
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North American operations (continued) Post-retirement benefits - AngloGold North America provides health care and life insurance benefits for certain retired employees under the AngloGold North America Retiree Medical Plan (the "Retiree Medical Plan"). Participants with ten to fifteen years of service generally become eligible after reaching retirement age, and AngloGold North America pays a fixed monthly amount that varies on years of service. Post-retirement benefits are not funded. Effective 31 December 1999, no additional employees were eligible to receive post-retirement benefits under the Retiree Medical Plan. Curtailment accounting was applied at 31 December 1999. The Retirement Plan was last evaluated by independent actuaries upon termination of the plan in 2000. The 1999 evaluation of the Retirement Plan reflected a fair value of the Plan assets of the scheme at R97 million, $16 million and Plan liabilities of R104 million, $17 million at 31 December 1999. At 31 December 2000, all of the Retirement Plan assets were distributed and accrued liabilities related to final dissolution of the plan are R1 million, $0.1 million. The Retiree Medical Plan was last evaluated by independent actuaries in December 2000 who took into account reasonable long-term estimates of increases in health care costs and mortality rates in determining the obligations of AngloGold North America under the Retiree Medical Plan. The evaluation of the Retiree Medical Plan reflected liabilities of R19 million, $3 million (1999: R12 million, $3 million). The Retiree Medical Plan is an unfunded plan. The Retiree Medical Plan is evaluated on an annual basis using the projected benefit method. The cost of providing benefits under the Retirement Plan and the Retiree Medical Plan for the year amounted to R nil million, $ nil million (1999: R14 million, $2 million) and R nil million, $ nil million (1999: R6 million, $1 million) respectively. Defined Contribution Plan - AngloGold North America sponsors a 401(k) savings plan whereby employees may contribute up to 16% of their salary, of which up to 5% is matched at a rate of 150% by AngloGold North America. AngloGold North America's contributions were R15 million, $2 million (1999: R10 million, $2 million) during the year. Supplemental Employee Retirement Plan - Certain former employees of Minorco (USA) Inc. were covered under the Minorco (USA) Inc. Supplemental Employee Retirement Plan (the "SERP"), a non-contributory defined benefit plan. The SERP was last evaluated by independent actuaries in 1999 who took into account reasonable long-term estimates of inflation, and mortality rates in determining the obligations of AngloGold North America under the SERP. This evaluation of the SERP reflected Plan liabilities of R6 million, $1 million (1999: R5 million, $1 million). The SERP is an unfunded plan. The SERP is evaluated on an annual basis using the projected benefit method. The cost of providing benefits under the SERP for the year were nominal (1999: R3 million, $0.4 million). South American operations The South American operations operate a number of defined contribution arrangements for their employees. These arrangements are funded by the operations (basic plan) and operations/employees (supplementary plan) and are embodied in a pension plan entity, Fundambrás Sociedade de Previdência Privada, which is responsible for administering the funds and making arrangements to pay the benefits. In accordance with the annual valuation of the pension fund, performed by independent qualified actuaries, there is no material deficit to be covered by the operation. Australian operations
The operation contributes to the Australian Retirement Fund for the provision of benefits to employees and their dependants on retirement, disability, death, resignation or retrenchment. The fund is a multi-industry national fund with defined contribution arrangements. Contribution rates by the operation on behalf of employees varies, with minimum contributions meeting compliance requirements under the Superannuation Guarantee legislation. Members also have the option of contributing to approved personal superannuation funds. The operations contributions are legally enforceable to the extent required by the Superannuation Guarantee legislation and relevant employment agreements. |
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| 1999 | 2000 | 2000 | 1999 | |||
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| US Dollars | SA Rands | |||||
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| 31 | Cash generated from operations | |||||
| 476 | 251 | Profit on ordinary activities before taxation | 1,694 | 2,911 | ||
| Adjusted for: | ||||||
| 196 | 217 | Amortisation of mining assets (note 14) | 1,508 | 1,199 | ||
| (4) | (7) | Profit on sale of assets (note 6) | (51) | (26) | ||
| 10 | 2 | Non-cash movements | 16 | 55 | ||
| (72) | (37) | Interest receivable (note 7) | (250) | (437) | ||
| (7) | (4) | Income from associates before taxation | (27) | (43) | ||
| (4) | (4) | Growth in AngloGold Environmental Rehabilitation Trust (note 7) | (25) | (26) | ||
| (1) | - | Dividends received from other investments (note 7) | - | (5) | ||
| 3 | - | Unwinding of decommissioning obligation (note 6) | 2 | 18 | ||
| 53 | 69 | Finance costs (note 8) | 481 | 321 | ||
| (89) | - | Profit on sale of associate | - | (543) | ||
| - | 93 | Impairment of mining assets (note 14) | 708 | - | ||
| 55 | 20 | Amortisation of goodwill (note 15) | 135 | 335 | ||
| (28) | (43) | Movements in working capital | (294) | (172) | ||
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| 588 | 557 | 3,897 | 3,587 | |||
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| Movements in working capital: | ||||||
| 4 | (35) | (Increase) decrease in inventories | (241) | 25 | ||
| (4) | (43) | Increase in trade and other receivables | (292) | (27) | ||
| (28) | 35 | Increase (decrease) in trade and other payables | 239 | (170) | ||
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| (28) | (43) | (294) | (172) | |||
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| 32 | Through acquisition of subsidiaries and joint ventures | |||||
| 982 | 311 | Mining assets (note 14) | 2,254 | 6,045 | ||
| 4 | - | Investments (note 17) | - | 27 | ||
| - | - | Long-term loans | - | 2 | ||
| 78 | 6 | Inventories | 43 | 480 | ||
| 80 | 5 | Trade and other receivables | 36 | 491 | ||
| 49 | 3 | Cash and cash equivalents | 22 | 298 | ||
| (29) | - | Minority interests | - | (176) | ||
| (182) | (101) | Borrowings | (742) | (1,122) | ||
| (85) | (1) | Provisions (note 27) | (4) | (521) | ||
| (73) | - | Deferred taxation (note 28) | - | (449) | ||
| (140) | (18) | Trade and other payables | (139) | (863) | ||
| (1) | - | Taxation | - | (8) | ||
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| 683 | 205 | Carrying value | 1,470 | 4,204 | ||
| 276 | 143 | Goodwill (note 15) | 1,080 | 1,700 | ||
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| 959 | 348 | Purchase consideration | 2,550 | 5,904 | ||
| 49 | 3 | Less: Cash and cash equivalents | 22 | 298 | ||
| 419 | - | Less: Paid by issue of ordinary shares | - | 2,580 | ||
| 23 | - | Less: Still to be paid by the issue of ordinary shares | - | 143 | ||
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| 468 | 345 | Cash flow on acquisition | 2,528 | 2,883 | ||
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| 1999 | 2000 | 2000 | 1999 | |||
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| US Dollars | SA Rands | |||||
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| 33 | Subsequent changes in value of identifiable assets and liabilities | |||||
| There was a subsequent change to the fair value of assets acquired in | ||||||
| Acacia Resources Limited at 31 December 1999. Subsequent to | ||||||
| acquisition, additional evidence became available to assist with the | ||||||
| estimation of amounts assigned to the assets of Acacia Resources | ||||||
| Limited, and has resulted in fair value adjustments made as follows: | ||||||
| - | (134) | Mining assets (note 14) | (823) | - | ||
| - | 100 | Goodwill (note 15) | 611 | - | ||
| - | 6 | Trade and other receivables | 39 | - | ||
| - | 28 | Deferred taxation (note 28) | 173 | - | ||
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| - | - | - | - | |||
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| 34 | Related parties |
| Related party transactions are concluded on an arm's length basis. Details of material transactions with those related parties not dealt with elsewhere in the financial statements are summarised below: |
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| 2000 | 1999 | ||||
| Purchases | Amounts owed | Purchases | Amounts owed | ||
| from related | to related | from related | to related | ||
| parties | parties | parties | parties | ||
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| SA Rands | |||||
| With fellow subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures of the Anglo | |||||
| American plc group | |||||
| Boart Longyear Limited - mining services | 55 | 9 | 67 | 1 | |
| Haggie Limited - mining equipment | 32 | 3 | 35 | 2 | |
| Mondi Limited - timber | 153 | - | 138 | - | |
| Scaw Metals Limited - steel and engineering | 56 | - | 50 | - | |
| Shaft Sinkers (Pty) Ltd - mining services | 93 | - | 112 | - | |
| With associates | |||||
| Rand Refinery Limited - gold refinery | 27 | - | 25 | - | |
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| US Dollars | |||||
| With fellow subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures of the | |||||
| Anglo American plc group | |||||
| Boart Longyear Limited - mining services | 7 | 1 | 11 | - | |
| Haggie Limited - mining equipment | 4 | - | 6 | - | |
| Mondi Limited - timber | 20 | - | 18 | - | |
| Scaw Metals Limited - steel and engineering | 7 | - | 7 | - | |
| Shaft Sinkers (Pty) Ltd - mining services | 12 | - | 18 | - | |
| With associates | |||||
| Rand Refinery Limited - gold refinery | 4 | - | 4 | - | |
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Directors Details relating to directors' emoluments and shareholdings in the company are disclosed in the directors' report. Shareholders
The principal shareholders of the company are detailed on page 101. |
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| 1999 | 2000 | 2000 | 1999 | |||
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| US Dollars | SA Rands | |||||
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| 35 | Commitments and contingencies | |||||
| Mining assets | ||||||
| 62 | 59 | Contracted for | 447 | 382 | ||
| 906 | 656 | Not contracted for | 4,969 | 5,576 | ||
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| 968 | 715 | Authorised by the directors | 5,416 | 5,958 | ||
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| Allocated for: | ||||||
| Expansion of capacity | ||||||
| 309 | 55 | - within one year | 413 | 1,901 | ||
| 628 | 546 | - thereafter | 4,134 | 3,864 | ||
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| 937 | 601 | 4,547 | 5,765 | |||
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| Maintenance of capacity | ||||||
| 5 | 4 | - within one year | 34 | 31 | ||
| 26 | 110 | - thereafter | 835 | 162 | ||
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| 31 | 114 | 869 | 193 | |||
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This expenditure will be financed from existing cash resources and future borrowings. The group has given collateral security to certain banks in respect of mortgage loans advanced to employees under its home ownership scheme amounting to: R3 million, $0.4 million (1999: R8 million, $1 million). The group has also given collateral to certain bankers for satisfactory contract performance in relation to exploration and development tenements and mining operations in Australia amounting to R61 million, $8 million, (1999: R40 million, $6 million). The hedge book of Cerro Vanguardia S.A. has been guaranteed by AngloGold Limited. The marked-to-market loss amounts to R37 million, $5 million at 31 December 2000. At 31 December 1999 the marked-to-market loss amounted to R246 million, $40 million. AngloGold has provided a completion guarantee on the Geita Project Finance. This contingent liability amounts to R68 million, $9 million. AngloGold USA Incorporated has posted reclamation bonds with various Federal, Nevada, and Colorado governmental agencies in amounts aggregating approximately R438 million, $58 million (1999: R297 million, $48 million). These performance bonds are guaranteed by AngloGold Limited.
There is a potential claim against the South African region in respect of contamination of the water supply amounting to R9 million, $1 million. |
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| 36 | Risk management activities |
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In the normal course of its operations, the group is exposed to gold price, currency, interest rate, liquidity and credit risks. In order to manage these risks, the group may enter into transactions which make use of both on- and off-balance sheet financial instruments. The group does not acquire, hold or issue derivative instruments for trading purposes. The group has developed a comprehensive risk management process to facilitate, control and to monitor these risks. The board has approved and monitors this risk management process, inclusive of documented treasury policies, counterpart limits, controlling and reporting structures. Controlling risk in the group
The executive committee and the treasury committee are responsible for risk management activities within the group. The treasury committee, chaired by an independent member of the AngloGold audit committee, comprising executive members and treasury executives, reviews and recommends to the executive committee all treasury counterparts, limits, instruments and hedge strategies. The treasurer is responsible for managing investment, gold price, currency and liquidity risk. Within the treasury function, there is an independent risk function, which monitors adherence to treasury risk management policy, counterpart and dealer limits and provides regular and detailed management reports. |
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| 36 | Risk management activities (continued) |
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Gold price and currency risk Gold price risk arises from the risk of an adverse effect on current or future earnings resulting from fluctuations in the price of gold. The gold market is predominately priced in US dollars which exposes the group to the risk that fluctuations in the SA rand/US dollar, Brazilian real/US dollar and Australian dollar/US dollar exchange rate may also have an adverse effect on current or future earnings. A number of products, including derivative instruments are used to manage well-defined gold price and foreign exchange risks, that arise out of the group's core business activities. Fixed and spot-deferred forward-sales contracts and call and put options are used by the group to protect itself from downward fluctuations in the gold price. These instruments establish a minimum price for a portion of future production while maintaining the ability to benefit from increases in the gold price for the majority of future gold production. Net delta open hedge position as at 31 December 2000
The group had the following net forward-pricing commitments outstanding against future production. A portion of these sales consists of US dollar-priced contracts which have been converted to rand prices at average annual forward rand exchange rates/values based on a spot rand/dollar rate of R7.57 available on 31 December 2000. |
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Table A: Summary: Net delta open hedge position as at 31 December 2000 |
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| 12 Months ending | Kilograms | Forward price | Forward price | Ounces | |
| 31 December | sold | R/kg | US$/oz | sold (000) | |
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| 2001 | 169,166 | 74,574 | 301 | 5,439 | |
| 2002 | 102,949 | 81,600 | 313 | 3,310 | |
| 2003 | 71,979 | 87,732 | 317 | 2,314 | |
| 2004 | 51,614 | 94,099 | 319 | 1,659 | |
| 2005 | 43,111 | 109,164 | 346 | 1,386 | |
| January 2006 - December 2010 | 115,882 | 121,742 | 335 | 3,726 | |
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| 554,701 | 91,944 | 317 | 17,834 | ||
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Table B: Summary: All open contracts in the group's gold hedge position as at 31 December 2000 |
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| Year 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006-2010 | Total | ||
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| Dollar/Gold | ||||||||
| Forward contracts | ||||||||
| Amount (kg) | 87,901 | 41,427 | 37,263 | 28,854 | 23,437 | 77,970 | 296,852 | |
| US$/oz | $308 | $317 | $324 | $324 | $335 | $350 | $326 | |
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| Put options purchased | ||||||||
| Amount (kg) | 10,109 | 3,110 | 4,977 | 1,866 | 20,062 | |||
| US$/oz | $313 | $407 | $362 | $433 | $351 | |||
| *Delta (kg) | 5,858 | 3,020 | 3,799 | 1,643 | 14,320 | |||
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| Call options purchased | ||||||||
| Amount (kg) | 2,658 | 741 | 667 | 572 | 4,638 | |||
| US$/oz | $342 | $340 | $350 | $360 | $345 | |||
| *Delta (kg) | 139 | 142 | 181 | 186 | 648 | |||
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| Call options sold | ||||||||
| Amount (kg) | 24,503 | 11,885 | 10,463 | 3,303 | 1,704 | 2,234 | 54,092 | |
| US$/oz | $305 | $373 | $372 | $342 | $358 | $338 | $338 | |
| *Delta (kg) | 8,590 | 1,432 | 2,211 | 1,391 | 723 | 1,331 | 15,678 | |
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| Rand/Gold | ||||||||
| Forward contracts | ||||||||
| Amount (kg) | 41,382 | 41,474 | 16,706 | 13,311 | 12,700 | 18,433 | 144,006 | |
| R/kg | R73,962 | R78,433 | R83,670 | R89,500 | R115,704 | R127,526 | R88,350 | |
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| Put options purchased | ||||||||
| Amount (kg) | 2,644 | 2,644 | ||||||
| R/kg | R71,668 | R71,668 | ||||||
| *Delta (kg) | 1,457 | 1,457 | ||||||
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| 36 | Risk management activities (continued) | |||||||
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Table B: Summary: All open contracts in the group's gold hedge position as at 31 December 2000 |
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| Year 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006-2010 | Total | ||
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| Call options sold | ||||||||
| Amount (kg) | 18,214 | 14,357 | 4,519 | 1,875 | 3,119 | 1,874 | 43,958 | |
| R/kg | R78,116 | R87,003 | R93,766 | R93,603 | R125,774 | R93,603 | R87,330 | |
| *Delta (kg) | 3,561 | 3,883 | 1,567 | 1,157 | 1,445 | 1,602 | 13,215 | |
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| AU dollar/Gold | ||||||||
| Forward contracts | ||||||||
| Amount (kg) | 20,660 | 12,597 | 10,731 | 5,443 | 6,221 | 31,725 | 87,377 | |
| AU$/oz | AU$518 | AU$612 | AU$554 | AU$529 | AU$622 | AU$568 | AU$562 | |
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| Call options purchased | ||||||||
| Amount (kg) | 4,121 | 6,687 | 778 | 4,665 | 31,726 | 47,977 | ||
| AU$/oz | AU$717 | AU$728 | AU$703 | AU$704 | AU$684 | AU$695 | ||
| *Delta (kg) | 103 | 742 | 117 | 1,414 | 15,180 | 17,556 | ||
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| Rand/Dollar (000) | ||||||||
| Forward contracts | ||||||||
| Amount (US$) | 150,172 | 20,000 | 170,172 | |||||
| ZAR per US$ | R7.32 | R6.48 | R7.22 | |||||
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| Put options purchased | ||||||||
| Amount (US$) | 190,000 | 190,000 | ||||||
| ZAR per US$ | R7.33 | R7.33 | ||||||
| *Delta (US$) | 41,726 | 41,726 | ||||||
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| Put options sold | ||||||||
| Amount (US$) | 90,000 | 90,000 | ||||||
| ZAR per US$ | R7.25 | R7.25 | ||||||
| *Delta (US$) | 17,341 | 17,341 | ||||||
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| Call options purchased | ||||||||
| Amount (US$) | 30,470 | 5,450 | 35,920 | |||||
| ZAR per US$ | R7.30 | R6.48 | R7.17 | |||||
| *Delta (US$) | 20,127 | 5,170 | 25,297 | |||||
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| Call options sold | ||||||||
| Amount (US$) | 264,170 | 33,450 | 8,000 | 305,620 | ||||
| ZAR per US$ | R7.82 | R7.06 | R6.94 | R7.71 | ||||
| *Delta (US$) | 141,676 | 27,644 | 7,297 | 176,617 | ||||
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| AU Dollar (000) | ||||||||
| Forward contracts | ||||||||
| Amount (US$) | 39,161 | 43,748 | 29,427 | 112,336 | ||||
| US$ Per AU$ | AU$0.65 | AU$0.58 | AU$0.59 | AU$0.61 | ||||
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*
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The delta position indicated above reflects the nominal amount of the option multiplied by the mathematical probability of the option being exercised. This is calculated using the Black and Scholes option formula with the ruling market prices, together with interest rates and volatilities as at 31 December 2000. The mix of hedging instruments, the volume of production hedged and the tenor of the hedging book is continually reviewed in the light of changes in operational forecasts, market conditions and the group's hedging policy. Forward sales contracts require the future delivery of gold at a specified price. A number of these contracts are spot-deferred to be used by the group for delivery against production in a future period.
A put option gives the put buyer the right, but not the obligation, to sell gold to the put seller at a predetermined price on a predetermined date. |
| 36 | Risk management activities (continued) |
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A call option gives the call buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy gold from the call seller at a predetermined price on a predetermined date. Net cash receipts received under the option hedging strategies for the year were R327 million, $48 million (1999: R281 million, $46 million). Interest rate and liquidity risk Fluctuations in interest rates impact on the value of short-term cash investments and financing activities, giving rise to interest rate risk. In the ordinary course of business, the group receives cash from the proceeds of its gold sales and is required to fund working capital requirements. This cash is managed to ensure surplus funds are invested in a manner to achieve market related returns while minimising risks. The group is able to actively source financing at competitive rates. The group has sufficient undrawn borrowing facilities available to fund any working capital requirements. |
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Investment maturity profile |
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| ||||||
| Fixed rate | Floating rate | |||||
| investment | investment | |||||
| Currency | (borrowings) | Effective | (borrowings) | Effective | ||
| Maturity date | millions | amount | rate % | amount | rate % | |
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| Less than one year | SA Rand | - | - | 45 | 9.5 | |
| US$ | 28 | 6.6 | 151 | 6.4 | ||
| AU$ | - | - | 17 | 4.5 | ||
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Credit risk Credit risk arises from the risk that a counterpart may default or not meet its obligations timeously. The group minimises credit risk by ensuring that credit risk is spread over a number of counterparts. These counterparts are financial and banking institutions of the highest quality. Where possible, management tries to ensure that netting agreements are in place. Trade debtors comprise a small group of international companies. No provision for doubtful debts was made as the principal debtors continue to be in a sound financial position. The group does not generally obtain collateral or other security to support financial instruments subject to credit risk, but monitors the credit standing of counterparts. The group believes that no concentration of credit exists. Fair value
The estimated fair values of financial instruments are determined at discrete points in time based on relevant market information. These estimates involve uncertainties and cannot be determined with precision. The estimated fair values of the group's financial instruments as at 31 December are as follows: |
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| 2000 | 1999 | ||||||
| SA Rands | Carrying | Fair | Carrying | Fair | |||
| Type of instrument | amount | value | amount | value | |||
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|||||||
| Trade and other receivables | 1,737 | 1,737 | 1,372 | 1,372 | |||
| Cash and cash equivalents | 1,477 | 1,477 | 3,031 | 3,031 | |||
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|||||||
| - Cash and deposits on call | 1,276 | 1,276 | 1,258 | 1,258 | |||
| - Money market instruments | 201 | 201 | 1,773 | 1,773 | |||
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| Borrowings | 8,642 | 8,642 | 4,983 | 4,983 | |||
| Trade and other payables | 2,389 | 2,389 | 2,111 | 2,111 | |||
| Forward sale contracts | - | 1,451 | - | 1,204 | |||
| Option contracts | - | 177 | - | 134 | |||
| Foreign exchange contracts | - | (145) | - | (25) | |||
| Foreign exchange option contracts | - | (90) | - | (25) | |||
| 36 | Risk management activities (continued) | ||||||
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| 2000 | 1999 | ||||||
| US Dollars | Carrying | Fair | Carrying | Fair | |||
| Type of instrument | amount | value | amount | value | |||
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|||||||
| Trade and other receivables | 229 | 229 | 223 | 223 | |||
| Cash and cash equivalents | 195 | 195 | 493 | 493 | |||
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|||||||
| - Cash and deposits on call | 168 | 168 | 205 | 205 | |||
| - Money market instruments | 27 | 27 | 288 | 288 | |||
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|||||||
| Borrowings | 1,140 | 1,140 | 809 | 809 | |||
| Trade and other payables | 315 | 315 | 343 | 343 | |||
| Forward sale contracts | - | 192 | - | 196 | |||
| Option contracts | - | 23 | - | 22 | |||
| Foreign exchange contracts | - | (19) | - | (4) | |||
| Foreign exchange option contracts | - | (12) | - | (4) | |||
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The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instrument: | |
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Trade and other receivables, cash and cash equivalents and trade and other payables The carrying amounts approximate fair value because of the short-term duration of these instruments. Borrowings The existing debt re-prices on a short-term floating rate basis, and accordingly the carrying amount is considered to approximate fair value. Derivative instruments
The fair values of forward sales contracts and derivative instruments are estimated based on the ruling market prices, volatilities and interest rates at 31 December 2000. | |
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| 37 | Comparative figures |
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Where appropriate, comparative figures have been restated to facilitate improved disclosure.
Dividends to shareholders are now accounted for on the date of declaration as a result of the adoption of IAS10. As a result, the retained earnings have been restated as disclosed in the statement of changes in shareholders' equity. | |
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| 38 | Events after balance sheet date |
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AngloGold Limited has announced that it has reached agreement in principle on the sale of two of its South African gold mines, Elandsrand and Deelkraal, to Harmony Gold Mining Company Limited for R1 billion ($132 million) in cash. The transaction is subject to the fulfilment of the following suspensive conditions:
The above will have a positive impact on the group's earnings. | |
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